{"product_id":"mots-c","title":"MOTS-c","description":"\u003cstyle\u003e\n.peptide-details {\n  border: 1px solid #8A97B5;\n  margin-bottom: 8px;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  overflow: hidden;\n}\n.peptide-details summary {\n  cursor: pointer;\n  padding: 12px 16px;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  list-style: none;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: space-between;\n}\n.peptide-details summary::-webkit-details-marker {\n  display: none;\n}\n.peptide-details summary::after {\n  content: '';\n  display: inline-block;\n  width: 8px;\n  height: 8px;\n  border-right: 1px solid #8A97B5;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid #8A97B5;\n  transform: rotate(45deg);\n  transition: transform 0.2s ease;\n  flex-shrink: 0;\n  margin-left: 10px;\n}\n.peptide-details[open] summary::after {\n  transform: rotate(-135deg);\n}\n.peptide-details .peptide-content {\n  padding: 16px;\n}\n\u003c\/style\u003e\n\u003ch3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\"\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\" open=\"\"\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eOverview\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMOTS-c (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a 16-amino-acid peptide encoded by a short open reading frame within the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene. It belongs to a broader family of mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) that also includes humanin and the small humanin-like peptides. First identified in 2015, MOTS-c functions as a mitokine—a mitochondrial-derived signaling peptide that can act both within the cell and systemically as a hormone-like factor. Its expression is induced by exercise, and it is considered an \"exercise mimetic\" due to its ability to replicate many of the beneficial metabolic effects of physical activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\"\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eMechanism of Action\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMOTS-c exerts its effects through multiple interconnected signaling pathways, with the two most prominent involving activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and direct binding to Casein Kinase 2 (CK2). The primary mechanism involves inhibition of the folate cycle, an intermediate metabolic pathway required for de novo purine synthesis, leading to accumulation of AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide)—a known endogenous AMPK activator. AMPK activation promotes glucose uptake by stimulating GLUT4 translocation to the cell membrane and enhances fatty acid oxidation. Under metabolic stress, MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus, where it regulates the expression of stress adaptation-related genes with antioxidant response elements (ARE). It also modulates the Nrf2\/Keap1 antioxidant pathway and suppresses the NF-κB inflammatory pathway.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\"\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eResearch Applications\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMetabolic Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Investigated for promoting glucose uptake, improving insulin sensitivity, and reducing obesity and insulin resistance in preclinical models.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eExercise and Physical Performance:\u003c\/strong\u003e Studied as an \"exercise mimetic\" for its role in mediating the metabolic effects of exercise in skeletal muscle.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAging and Longevity:\u003c\/strong\u003e Explored for promoting healthy aging by enhancing metabolic fitness and physical capacity, with potential applications in delaying age-related physical decline.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNeuroprotection:\u003c\/strong\u003e Investigated for protective effects against brain injury, neuropathic pain, and neuroinflammation through inhibition of microglia activation and modulation of inflammatory responses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eInflammation and Oxidative Stress:\u003c\/strong\u003e Employed in research on anti-oxidative stress, inflammatory diseases, and modulation of the NF-κB pathway.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\"\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 1627580-64-6\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePubChem CID:\u003c\/strong\u003e 121231475 (also reported as 146675088)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2,174.62 g\/mol\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg (MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e ≥ 98% (batch-dependent; refer to Certificate of Analysis)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilized powder\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Store at ≤ -20°C in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSolubility:\u003c\/strong\u003e Soluble in sterile water and DMSO; prepare working solutions per laboratory protocol\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"yuansensetech","offers":[{"title":"MS 10mg","offer_id":52038355681570,"sku":"MS10","price":92.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"MS 40mg","offer_id":52038355714338,"sku":"MS40","price":252.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1008\/2805\/3794\/files\/MOTS-c_347f5c31-c8f5-4d9a-a128-048e480fe29e.jpg?v=1783741724","url":"https:\/\/yuansensepeptide.com\/products\/mots-c","provider":"Yuansensetech™","version":"1.0","type":"link"}