{"product_id":"thymosin-alpha-1","title":"Thymosin Alpha-1","description":"\u003cstyle\u003e\n.peptide-details {\n  border: 1px solid #8A97B5;\n  margin-bottom: 8px;\n  border-radius: 8px;\n  overflow: hidden;\n}\n.peptide-details summary {\n  cursor: pointer;\n  padding: 12px 16px;\n  font-weight: bold;\n  list-style: none;\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n  justify-content: space-between;\n}\n.peptide-details summary::-webkit-details-marker {\n  display: none;\n}\n.peptide-details summary::after {\n  content: '';\n  display: inline-block;\n  width: 8px;\n  height: 8px;\n  border-right: 1px solid #8A97B5;\n  border-bottom: 1px solid #8A97B5;\n  transform: rotate(45deg);\n  transition: transform 0.2s ease;\n  flex-shrink: 0;\n  margin-left: 10px;\n}\n.peptide-details[open] summary::after {\n  transform: rotate(-135deg);\n}\n.peptide-details .peptide-content {\n  padding: 16px;\n}\n\u003c\/style\u003e\n\n\u003ch3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\"\u003eProduct Description\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\" open\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eOverview\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1; also known as Thymalfasin) is a synthetic 28-amino acid acetylated polypeptide derived from the naturally occurring thymic peptide prothymosin alpha. It was originally isolated from thymosin fraction 5, a crude extract of the thymus gland. The compound is classified as a biological response modifier (BRM) with potent immunomodulatory properties. Thymosin Alpha-1 is widely studied for its ability to enhance both innate and adaptive immune responses and has been approved in more than 35 countries for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C infections.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\"\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eMechanism of Action\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThymosin Alpha-1 exerts its pleiotropic immunomodulatory effects through multiple interconnected mechanisms. It acts as an agonist of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR-2 and TLR-9, on myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. This activation triggers downstream signaling cascades, predominantly the MyD88-dependent pathway, leading to the production of immune-related cytokines. Tα1 enhances the function of various immune cells, including T cells (promoting T-cell differentiation and maturation), B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. It also promotes Th1 immune responses and modulates cytokine and chemokine production. Additionally, Tα1 interacts with galectin-1 (Gal-1) at the molecular level, affecting its carbohydrate-binding activity and modifying its biological functions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\"\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eResearch Applications\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eViral Infections:\u003c\/strong\u003e Investigated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B and C, often in combination with interferon therapy. Also studied for influenza, cytomegalovirus, and post-COVID immune reconstitution.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCancer Immunotherapy:\u003c\/strong\u003e Employed as an immune enhancer in oncology research, particularly in combination with PD-1 inhibitors, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Studies demonstrate Tα1 can protect lymphocytes from radiation-induced lymphocytopenia, enhance T lymphocyte function, and reverse CD8⁺ T-cell exhaustion.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eImmunodeficiency and Immune Reconstitution:\u003c\/strong\u003e Studied for restoring immune balance in immunocompromised states, including DiGeorge syndrome, and for modulating T-cell differentiation in conditions of immune dysregulation.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAutoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders:\u003c\/strong\u003e Investigated for its role in T-cell tolerance, regulatory immunity, and modulation of neuroinflammatory conditions including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegeneration.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVaccine Research:\u003c\/strong\u003e Explored as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance immune responses.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails class=\"peptide-details\"\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003eProduct Specifications\u003c\/summary\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"peptide-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e 62304-98-7\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePubChem CID:\u003c\/strong\u003e 16130571\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e C₁₂₉H₂₁₅N₃₃O₅₅\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e 3,108.28 g\/mol\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e Ac-Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn (ACSAADVDTSSEITTKDLKEKKEVVEEAEN)\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePurity:\u003c\/strong\u003e ≥ 99%\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eForm:\u003c\/strong\u003e Lyophilized powder\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eStorage:\u003c\/strong\u003e Store at ≤ -20°C in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSolubility:\u003c\/strong\u003e Soluble in sterile water; prepare working solutions per laboratory protocol\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/details\u003e\n","brand":"yuansensetech","offers":[{"title":"TA 5mg","offer_id":52038353781026,"sku":"TA5","price":123.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"TA 10mg","offer_id":52038353813794,"sku":"TA10","price":232.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1008\/2805\/3794\/files\/ThymosinAlpha-1.jpg?v=1783741695","url":"https:\/\/yuansensepeptide.com\/products\/thymosin-alpha-1","provider":"Yuansensetech™","version":"1.0","type":"link"}