LYSINE-PROLINE-VALINE

KPV (Lysine-Proline-Valine) is a synthetic tripeptide corresponding to the C-terminal fragment (amino acids 11-13) of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). As a minimal bioactive motif of the melanocortin family, KPV has garnered significant research interest for its distinct anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, independent of the pigmentary effects associated with full-length α-MSH.

Unlike full-length α-MSH, which signals through melanocortin receptors (MCRs), KPV exerts its anti-inflammatory effects through a non-classical, receptor-independent mechanism. Research indicates that KPV acts primarily through the inhibition of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) functions. A key molecular pathway involves the suppression of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling. Specifically, KPV has been shown to inhibit the nuclear import of the p65 subunit of NF-κB, thereby blocking the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes. This results in the reduced production and release of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines.

• Inflammation Research: Widely utilized as a research tool to dissect the molecular mechanisms of inflammation and to study the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and NF-κB activity.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Investigated in preclinical models for its potential to ameliorate intestinal inflammation, protect mucosal barrier function, and reduce tissue damage.
• Dermatology and Wound Healing: Studied for its capacity to accelerate wound healing, reduce infection, and modulate inflammation in skin barrier recovery models.
• Immunomodulation: Employed in research exploring the regulation of immune cell activity, including macrophage polarization and T-cell modulation.

CAS Number: 67727-97-3
Molecular Formula: C₁₆H₃₀N₄O₄
Molecular Weight: 342.43 g/mol
Sequence (Three-Letter Code): H-Lys-Pro-Val-OH
Purity: ≥ 99% 
Form: White to off-white lyophilized powder
Storage: Store at ≤ -20°C in a cool, dry place, protected from light and moisture
Solubility: Soluble in sterile water and DMSO; prepare working solutions per laboratory protocol